“An upper boundary on the masses of planets is one of the most prominent details that was missing.” - Kevin Schlaufman, Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy.
Metallicity and Chemical Makeup
Brown Dwarfs and Planets Form Differently
What Does It Matter What We Call Them?
a planet is in orbit around a star.
a planet must have sufficient mass to assume a hydrostatic equilibrium (a nearly round shape.)
a planet has cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit