In the list of crazy hypothetical ideas, terraforming the Sun has to be one of the top 10. So just how would someone go about doing terraforming our sun, a star, if they wanted to try?
In our series on terraforming other worlds, we’ve covered Mars, Venus, the Moon and Jupiter. Even though I solved the problem of how to terraform Jupiter (you’re welcome, science), you wanted to take things to the next level and you demanded I sort out how to terraform the Sun. Seriously? The Sun. Fine… here we go.
Let’s see what we’ve got to work with here. It’s a massive ball of plasma, containing 333,000 times more mass than the Earth. It’s about 74% hydrogen and 25% helium with a few other trace elements. There’s no solid surface to stand on it, so we need to fix that.
The average temperature on the surface of the Sun is about 5,500 Celsius, while the average temperature on Earth is about 15 C. Iron boils at only 2,800 degrees, so… that’s probably too hot. We’ll need to cool it down.
The gravity on the surface of the Sun is 28 times the gravity of Earth. If you could stand on the surface of the Sun, which you can’t, you’d be crushed flat. Okay, so we’ll add reduce the gravity… check.
There’s no breathable atmosphere, there’s no solid ground, the Sun generates deadly X-rays. Oh, and don’t forget about the terrible sunburns from the ultraviolet radiation.
So, what’s the list? Hot fire unbreathable pressure cooker goo surface gravity crushing machine. Sounds impossible, or does it?
First, the gas. As we covered in a previous episode, scientists have actually considered ways that you might extract the hydrogen and helium off of a star like the Sun, known as “stellar lifting”. There are a few ways you could work this. You could zap the surface of the Sun with a powerful laser, increasing the speed of solar wind in that area, forcing the Sun to throw its mass off into space.
Another method is to set up powerful magnetic fields around the Sun’s poles, and channel its hydrogen into jets that blast out into space. I’m not sure how you actually set up those magnetic fields, but that’s not my problem.
Once you’re done with the Sun, you’ve stripped away all its hydrogen and helium gas. What are you left with? About 5,600 times the mass of the Earth in heavier elements, like oxygen, silicon, gold, etc. Great!
Except 5,600 sounds like a lot. Jupiter is only 316 times the mass of the Earth. We’re looking to reform a “planet” with more than 10 times the mass of Jupiter. And not only that, but we had to kill the Sun to make this work. You monsters.
This is a terrible idea. What else could we do? If you’re a science fiction fan, you’ve heard of a Dyson Sphere. If not, you’ve got some TNG to catch up on.
First proposed by Freeman Dyson, you cover an entire Sun in a metal ball. Instead of the measly amount of energy that falls on Earth, this would allow you to capture 100% of the energy released by the Sun: 384 yottawatts.
According to Dyson and a variety of matheletes, you could dismantle all planets in the Solar System and build a sphere at a distance of 1 Earth radii at 8 to 20 centimeters thick. That would give you a surface area 550 million times more than the Earth.
Although, building an actual rigid sphere is probably unfeasible because it would be pretty unstable and eventually collapse. It probably makes more sense to build a swarm of satellites surrounding the Sun, capturing its energy.
We did a whole video on Dyson Spheres. Check it out here.
So there you go. I just terraformed the Sun. I’m terrified about your next suggestion: how could you terraform a black hole? I guess that’ll be the next video.
Would you like to live on my imagined terraformed Sun? If not, what about a Dyson Sphere or swarm?
Do the terraforming at nighttime.
Tried, it says “Error 404, sun not found.”
Why not terraform a grain of salt? Terraform my d***.
Too inhospitable, even for this ambitious series.
haha 🙂 I hope Mr. Cain realizes soon that these question-based series are rubbing a lot of adults the wrong way. Why you may ask? Because adults love to be spoken to like adults.
This article is silly. Please confine yourself to serious science journalism.
Ahh thank you! Someone has finally come out and said what all the adult-age science loving readers have been thinking since this site started posing all of these elementary school questions. I loved UT when they thought that their primary audience was adult science and astronomy enthusiasts and professionals. Somehow, Mr. Cain decided that he is going to be writing to a new audience – ten year old students. UT lost my readership months ago when this started happening, but i like to check back in now and again to see if they stopped posing these childish “does the moon weigh alot in the sky?” type questions that nobody ever even asked.
Seems like writer is high, too much cocaine may be.
Folks, you do Fraser wrong: according to the comments on this or similar sites… there is a market for those childish questions. look at the Discovery channel or Nat Geo and their “documentaries” about Ufos n aliens..!
But, do the aliens read UT?
The Omega 13, we don’t know what it does.
This disease called “Homo sapiens” need to be contained on its origin until it mutates to a non-cancer type life form or extinct.
Don’t contaminate other planets with a planet biosphere killing disease.
A silly question? or time for stretching our imaginations? Which… is always a good thing! Here we go…
No, humans will never terraform the Sun. Instead, we would have to transform our atoms into coherent plasmas. We would have to become “Beings of Light” as it were. But by then we wouldn’t be very human, now would we? “Say Buddy, can you spare some fusionable materials?”